用表来管理SQLServer中的扩展属性(描述)
浏览数：34 /
时间：2015年06月12日
数据字典是个好东东，对于开发、维护非常重要。
但Sql Server中写描述确实不方便，如何化繁为简、批量地增加修改扩展属性呢？
增加2个表和5个存储过程、2个触发器、1个表值函数就好了。
把下面的SQL执行一遍生成相关的对象， 然后执行一下：
1. EXEC Proc_Util_Desc_GetColumnNameToDescTable , 生成表的描述对应记录
2. EXEC Proc_Util_Desc_GetTableNameToDescTable, 生成列的描述对应记录
3. 查看, 修改一下 dc_util_column_desc 中的某个表某个列的描述，
4. 查看: select * from [dbo].[Fun_GetTableStru](‘表名‘)
爽吧？！
--1.1 建表(存放表的描述)：dbo.dc_util_table_desc
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[dc_util_table_desc]') AND type in (N'U'))
DROP TABLE [dbo].[dc_util_table_desc]
GO
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[dc_util_table_desc](
[id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[tableName] [varchar](100) NULL,
[tableDesc] [nvarchar](200) NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_dc_util_table_desc] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[id] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
--1.2 建表(存放列的描述)：[dc_util_column_desc]
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[dc_util_column_desc]') AND type in (N'U'))
DROP TABLE [dbo].[dc_util_column_desc]
GO
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[dc_util_column_desc](
[id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[tableName] [varchar](100) NULL,
[columnName] [varchar](100) NULL,
[columnDesc] [nvarchar](200) NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_dc_util_column_desc] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[id] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY],
CONSTRAINT [UQ_dc_util_column_desc_tableName_columnName] UNIQUE NONCLUSTERED
(
[tableName] ASC,
[columnName] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
--2.1 存储过程
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[Proc_Util_Desc_DeleteInvalidData]') AND type in (N'P', N'PC'))
DROP PROCEDURE [dbo].[Proc_Util_Desc_DeleteInvalidData]
GO
-- =============================================
-- Author: yenange
-- Create date: 2014-05-29
-- Description: 删除 dc_util_table_desc 表和
-- dc_util_column_desc 表中不正确的数据
-- =============================================
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[Proc_Util_Desc_DeleteInvalidData]
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
--删除 dc_util_table_desc 中的无效数据
DELETE FROM dbo.dc_util_table_desc WHERE NOT EXISTS (
SELECT 1 FROM sys.tables T WHERE dbo.dc_util_table_desc.tableName=T.name
)
--删除 dc_util_column_desc 中的无效数据
DELETE
FROM dbo.dc_util_column_desc
WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM sys.tables t INNER JOIN sys.columns c ON t.object_id = c.object_id
WHERE t.SCHEMA_ID IN (SELECT SCHEMA_ID FROM sys.schemas WHERE NAME = 'dbo')
AND dbo.dc_util_column_desc.tableName=t.name AND dbo.dc_util_column_desc.columnName=c.name
)
END
GO
--2.2 存储过程
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[Proc_Util_Desc_GetTableNameToDescTable]') AND type in (N'P', N'PC'))
DROP PROCEDURE [dbo].[Proc_Util_Desc_GetTableNameToDescTable]
GO
-- =============================================
-- Author:
-- Create date: 2014-05-29
-- Description: 将以 @tablePrefix 为前缀的表名和表对应的扩展属性 insert 到 dc_util_table_desc 表中去.
-- @tablePrefix 如果为 '' 或者 null， 则为全部表(默认为null)
-- @overrideDesc : 如果已有记录存在，是否覆盖原记录的扩展属性 (默认为1)
-- =============================================
CREATE procedure [dbo].[Proc_Util_Desc_GetTableNameToDescTable]
@tablePrefix VARCHAR(100) =null,
@overrideDesc BIT =1
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON
--删除表中无效的数据
exec Proc_Util_Desc_DeleteInvalidData
DECLARE @t1 TABLE(rn int IDENTITY(1,1),tablename VARCHAR(100),tabledesc NVARCHAR(200))
--插入以 @tablePrefix 为前缀的表到@t1
INSERT INTO @t1
(
tablename,
tabledesc
)
SELECT convert(VARCHAR(100),t.name),
convert (nvarchar(200),p.value)
FROM sys.tables AS t
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties AS p
ON p.major_id = t.object_id
AND p.minor_id = 0
AND p.class = 1
AND p.name = 'MS_Description'
WHERE t.SCHEMA_ID IN (SELECT SCHEMA_ID
FROM sys.schemas
WHERE NAME = 'dbo')
AND (ISNULL(@tablePrefix,'')='' or t.name LIKE +@tablePrefix+'%' )
DECLARE @i INT
DECLARE @i_max INT
DECLARE @t_name VARCHAR(100)
DECLARE @t_desc NVARCHAR(200)
SET @i=1
SELECT @i_max=COUNT(1) FROM @t1
WHILE @i<=@i_max
BEGIN
SELECT @t_name=tablename,@t_desc=tabledesc FROM @t1 WHERE rn=@i
IF @overrideDesc=1
begin
IF EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM dc_util_table_desc WHERE tableName=@t_name)
UPDATE dc_util_table_desc SET tableDesc = @t_desc WHERE tableName=@t_name
ELSE
INSERT INTO dc_util_table_desc(tablename,tableDesc) VALUES (@t_name,@t_desc)
END
ELSE
BEGIN
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM dc_util_table_desc WHERE tableName=@t_name)
INSERT INTO dc_util_table_desc(tablename,tableDesc) VALUES (@t_name,@t_desc)
END
set @i=@i+1
END
END
GO
--2.3 存储过程
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[Proc_Util_Desc_GetColumnNameToDescTable]') AND type in (N'P', N'PC'))
DROP PROCEDURE [dbo].[Proc_Util_Desc_GetColumnNameToDescTable]
GO
-- =============================================
-- Author:
-- Create date: 2014-05-29
-- Description: 将以 @tablePrefix 为前缀的表名对应的列和列对应的扩展属性 insert 到 dc_util_column_desc 表中去.
-- @tablePrefix 如果为 '' 或者 null， 则为全部表(默认为null)
-- @overrideDesc : 如果已有记录存在，是否覆盖原记录的扩展属性 (默认为1)
-- =============================================
CREATE procedure [dbo].[Proc_Util_Desc_GetColumnNameToDescTable]
@tablePrefix VARCHAR(100) =null,
@overrideDesc BIT =1
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON
--删除表中无效的数据
exec Proc_Util_Desc_DeleteInvalidData
DECLARE @t1 TABLE(rn int IDENTITY(1,1),tablename VARCHAR(100),COLUMNNAME VARCHAR(100),columndesc NVARCHAR(200))
--插入以 @tablePrefix 为前缀的表到@t1
INSERT INTO @t1
(
tablename,
COLUMNNAME,
columndesc
)
SELECT convert(varchar(100),t.name) ,
convert(varchar(100),c.name) ,
convert(nvarchar(200),p.value)
FROM sys.tables AS t
LEFT JOIN sys.columns c
ON t.object_id = c.object_id
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties AS p
ON p.major_id = t.object_id
AND p.minor_id = c.column_id
AND p.class = 1
AND p.name = 'MS_Description'
WHERE t.SCHEMA_ID IN (SELECT SCHEMA_ID
FROM sys.schemas
WHERE NAME = 'dbo')
AND (ISNULL(@tablePrefix,'')='' or t.name LIKE +@tablePrefix+'%')
DECLARE @i INT
DECLARE @i_max INT
DECLARE @t_name VARCHAR(100)
DECLARE @col_name VARCHAR(100)
DECLARE @col_desc NVARCHAR(200)
SET @i=1
SELECT @i_max=COUNT(1) FROM @t1
WHILE @i<=@i_max
BEGIN
SELECT @t_name=tablename,@col_name=COLUMNNAME,@col_desc=columndesc FROM @t1 WHERE rn=@i
IF @overrideDesc=1
begin
IF EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM dc_util_column_desc WHERE tableName=@t_name AND columnName=@col_name)
UPDATE dc_util_column_desc SET columnDesc = @col_desc WHERE tableName=@t_name AND columnName=@col_name
ELSE
INSERT INTO dc_util_column_desc(tablename,columnName,columnDesc) VALUES (@t_name,@col_name,@col_desc)
END
ELSE
BEGIN
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM dc_util_column_desc WHERE tableName=@t_name AND columnName=@col_name )
INSERT INTO dc_util_column_desc(tablename,columnName,columnDesc) VALUES (@t_name,@col_name,@col_desc)
END
set @i=@i+1
END
END
GO
--2.4 存储过程
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[Proc_Util_Desc_SetDescToTable]') AND type in (N'P', N'PC'))
DROP PROCEDURE [dbo].[Proc_Util_Desc_SetDescToTable]
GO
-- =============================================
-- Author:
-- Create date: 2014-05-29
-- Description: 将 dc_util_table_desc 表中的 tableDesc 写到对应表的扩展属性
-- @tablePrefix 为表前缀 如果为 '' 或者 null， 则为全部表(默认为null)
-- =============================================
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[Proc_Util_Desc_SetDescToTable]
@tablePrefix varchar(100) = null
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON
--删除表中无效的数据
exec Proc_Util_Desc_DeleteInvalidData
--定义表变量
DECLARE @t1 TABLE(rn int IDENTITY(1,1),tablename VARCHAR(100),tabledesc NVARCHAR(200))
--插入需要修改扩展属性的数据到表变量@t1
INSERT INTO @t1
(
tablename,
tabledesc
)
SELECT tablename,tabledesc FROM dc_util_table_desc
WHERE ISNULL(@tablePrefix,'')='' OR tablename LIKE +@tablePrefix+'%'
--循环表变量中的数据
DECLARE @i INT
DECLARE @i_max INT
DECLARE @t_name VARCHAR(100)
DECLARE @t_desc NVARCHAR(200)
SET @i=1
SELECT @i_max=COUNT(1) FROM @t1
WHILE @i<=@i_max
BEGIN
SELECT @t_name=tablename,@t_desc=tabledesc FROM @t1 WHERE rn=@i
IF isnull(@t_desc,'')=''
BEGIN
SET @i=@i+1
CONTINUE
END
--如果表上存在MS_Description就update,不存在就insert
IF EXISTS (SELECT p.value
FROM sys.tables AS t
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties AS p
ON p.major_id = t.object_id
WHERE t.SCHEMA_ID IN (SELECT SCHEMA_ID
FROM sys.schemas
WHERE NAME = 'dbo')
AND p.minor_id = 0
AND p.class = 1
AND p.name = 'MS_Description'
AND t.name =@t_name)
BEGIN
EXEC sp_updateextendedproperty
@name = N'MS_Description'
,@value = @t_desc
,@level0type = N'Schema', @level0name = 'dbo'
,@level1type = N'Table', @level1name = @t_name
END
ELSE
BEGIN
EXEC sp_addextendedproperty
@name = N'MS_Description'
,@value = @t_desc
,@level0type = N'Schema', @level0name = 'dbo'
,@level1type = N'Table', @level1name = @t_name
END
SET @i=@i+1
END
END
GO
--2.5 存储过程
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[Proc_Util_Desc_SetDescToColumn]') AND type in (N'P', N'PC'))
DROP PROCEDURE [dbo].[Proc_Util_Desc_SetDescToColumn]
GO
-- =============================================
-- Author:
-- Create date: 2014-05-29
-- Description: 将dc_util_column_desc 表中的 columnDesc 写到对应表对应列的扩展属性
-- @tablePrefix 为表前缀 如果为 '' 或者 null， 则为全部表(默认为null)
-- =============================================
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[Proc_Util_Desc_SetDescToColumn]
@tablePrefix varchar(100) = null
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON
--删除表中无效的数据
exec Proc_Util_Desc_DeleteInvalidData
--定义表变量
DECLARE @t1 TABLE(rn int IDENTITY(1,1),tablename VARCHAR(100),columnname VARCHAR(100),columndesc NVARCHAR(200))
-- 插入需要修改扩展属性的数据到表变量@t1
INSERT INTO @t1
(
tablename,
columnname,
columndesc
)
SELECT tablename,columnname,columndesc FROM dc_util_column_desc
WHERE ISNULL(@tablePrefix,'')='' or tablename LIKE +@tablePrefix+'%'
--循环表变量中的数据
DECLARE @i INT
DECLARE @i_max INT
DECLARE @t_name VARCHAR(100)
DECLARE @col_name VARCHAR(100)
DECLARE @col_desc NVARCHAR(200)
SET @i=1
SELECT @i_max=COUNT(1) FROM @t1
WHILE @i<=@i_max
BEGIN
SELECT @t_name=tablename,@col_name=columnname,@col_desc=columndesc FROM @t1 WHERE rn=@i
IF ISNULL(@col_desc,'')=''
BEGIN
SET @i=@i+1
CONTINUE
END
--如果列上存在MS_Description就update,不存在就add
IF EXISTS (SELECT p.value
FROM sys.tables AS t
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties AS p ON p.major_id = t.object_id
LEFT JOIN sys.columns c ON t.object_id=c.object_id AND c.column_id=p.minor_id
WHERE t.SCHEMA_ID IN (SELECT SCHEMA_ID
FROM sys.schemas
WHERE NAME = 'dbo')
AND p.class = 1
AND p.minor_id!=0
AND p.name = 'MS_Description'
AND t.name = @t_name
AND c.name = @col_name)
BEGIN
EXEC sp_updateextendedproperty
@name = N'MS_Description'
,@value = @col_desc
,@level0type = N'Schema', @level0name = 'dbo'
,@level1type = N'Table', @level1name = @t_name
,@level2type = N'Column', @level2name = @col_name
END
ELSE
BEGIN
EXEC sp_addextendedproperty
@name = N'MS_Description'
,@value = @col_desc
,@level0type = N'Schema', @level0name = 'dbo'
,@level1type = N'Table', @level1name = @t_name
,@level2type = N'Column', @level2name = @col_name
END
SET @i=@i+1
END
END
GO
--3.1 触发器
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.triggers WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[Trig_dc_util_table_desc_I_U]'))
DROP TRIGGER [dbo].[Trig_dc_util_table_desc_I_U]
GO
-- =============================================
-- Author:
-- Create date: 2014-05-29
-- Description: 将记录更新到对应表的扩展属性
-- =============================================
CREATE TRIGGER [dbo].[Trig_dc_util_table_desc_I_U]
ON [dbo].[dc_util_table_desc]
AFTER INSERT , UPDATE
AS
BEGIN
--触发Proc_Util_SetDescToTable 更新表描述
DECLARE @m VARCHAR(100)
SELECT @m=tablename FROM inserted
EXEC Proc_Util_Desc_SetDescToTable @tablePrefix=@m
END
--3.2 触发器
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.triggers WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[Trig_dc_util_column_desc_I_U]'))
DROP TRIGGER [dbo].[Trig_dc_util_column_desc_I_U]
GO
-- =============================================
-- Author:
-- Create date: 2014-05-29
-- Description: 将记录更新到对应列的扩展属性
-- =============================================
CREATE TRIGGER [dbo].[Trig_dc_util_column_desc_I_U]
ON [dbo].[dc_util_column_desc]
AFTER INSERT , UPDATE
AS
BEGIN
--触发Proc_Util_SetDescToColumn 去更新列描述
DECLARE @m VARCHAR(100)
SELECT @m=tablename FROM inserted
EXEC Proc_Util_Desc_SetDescToColumn @tablePrefix=@m
END
--4.1 查看表的描述
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[Fun_GetTableStru]') AND type in (N'FN', N'IF', N'TF', N'FS', N'FT'))
DROP FUNCTION [dbo].[Fun_GetTableStru]
GO
-- =============================================
-- Author:
-- Create date: 2014-03-27
-- Description: 获取表结构
-- Demo: select * from [dbo].[Fun_GetTableStru]('表名')
-- =============================================
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[Fun_GetTableStru]
(
@tableName NVARCHAR(MAX)
)
RETURNS TABLE
AS
RETURN
(
SELECT
ac.column_id AS columnId
,AC.[name] AS columnName
,TY.[name] AS dataType
,AC.max_length AS maxLength
,AC.[is_nullable] isNullable
,CASE WHEN AC.[name] in
(SELECT COLUMN_NAME = convert(sysname,c.name) from sysindexes i, syscolumns c, sysobjects o where o.id = object_id(@tableName)
and o.id = c.id
and o.id = i.id
and (i.status & 0x800) = 0x800
and (
c.name = index_col (@tableName, i.indid, 1) or
c.name = index_col (@tableName, i.indid, 2) or
c.name = index_col (@tableName, i.indid, 3) or
c.name = index_col (@tableName, i.indid, 4) or
c.name = index_col (@tableName, i.indid, 5) or
c.name = index_col (@tableName, i.indid, 6) or
c.name = index_col (@tableName, i.indid, 7) or
c.name = index_col (@tableName, i.indid, 8) or
c.name = index_col (@tableName, i.indid, 9) or
c.name = index_col (@tableName, i.indid, 10) or
c.name = index_col (@tableName, i.indid, 11) or
c.name = index_col (@tableName, i.indid, 12) or
c.name = index_col (@tableName, i.indid, 13) or
c.name = index_col (@tableName, i.indid, 14) or
c.name = index_col (@tableName, i.indid, 15) or
c.name = index_col (@tableName, i.indid, 16)
)) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS isPK
,CASE WHEN AC.[name] IN (
SELECT t1.name
FROM (
SELECT col.name,
f.constid AS temp
FROM syscolumns col,
sysforeignkeys f
WHERE f.fkeyid = col.id
AND f.fkey = col.colid
AND f.constid IN (SELECT DISTINCT(id)
FROM sysobjects
WHERE OBJECT_NAME(parent_obj) =
@tableName
AND xtype = 'F')
) AS t1,
(
SELECT OBJECT_NAME(f.rkeyid) AS rtableName,
col.name,
f.constid AS temp
FROM syscolumns col,
sysforeignkeys f
WHERE f.rkeyid = col.id
AND f.rkey = col.colid
AND f.constid IN (SELECT DISTINCT(id)
FROM sysobjects
WHERE OBJECT_NAME(parent_obj) =
@tableName
AND xtype = 'F')
) AS t2
WHERE t1.temp = t2.temp
) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS isFK
,(SELECT COLUMNPROPERTY( OBJECT_ID(@tableName),ac.name,'IsIdentity')) AS isIdentity
,ISNULL(t2.[DESCRIPTION], '') AS [columnDesc]
,ISNULL((
SELECT ISNULL(VALUE, '')
FROM sys.extended_properties ex_p
WHERE ex_p.minor_id = 0
AND ex_p.major_id = t.OBJECT_ID
),'') AS [tableDesc]
FROM sys.[tables] AS T
INNER JOIN sys.[all_columns] AC ON T.[object_id] = AC.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.[types] TY ON AC.[system_type_id] = TY.[system_type_id]
AND AC.[user_type_id] = TY.[user_type_id]
LEFT JOIN (
SELECT DISTINCT(sys.columns.name),
(
SELECT VALUE
FROM sys.extended_properties
WHERE sys.extended_properties.major_id = sys.columns.object_id
AND sys.extended_properties.minor_id = sys.columns.column_id
) AS DESCRIPTION
FROM sys.columns,
sys.tables,
sys.types
WHERE sys.columns.object_id = sys.tables.object_id
AND sys.columns.system_type_id = sys.types.system_type_id
AND sys.tables.name = @tableName
) AS t2 ON AC.name=t2.name
WHERE T.[is_ms_shipped] = 0 AND T.name=@tableName
)
GO
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