Linux -- cp

浏览数：18 / 时间：2015年06月20日

CP(1) User Commands CP(1)

NAME
cp - copy files and directories

SYNOPSIS

复制一个文件到另一个地方，注意要加上文件名
cp [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST　　　　

复制多个文件到另一个目录中　　　　
cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
cp [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...
复制目录到另一个目录中

　　 cp [OPTION]... -a DEST.D TARGET.D

DESCRIPTION
Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.

*********************************************************************************
-a, --archive
same as -dR --preserve=all

-R, -r, --recursive
copy directories recursively

-d same as --no-dereference --preserve=links

　　　　　　# 只复制链接而不复制相关的文件，保留链接

-P, --no-dereference
never follow symbolic links in SOURCE

       -l, --link
              hard link files instead of copying

       -L, --dereference
              always follow symbolic links in SOURCE

-s, --symbolic-link
make symbolic links instead of copying

-H follow command-line symbolic links in SOURCE
********************************************************************************

       --attributes-only　　　　　　　　#仅复制自己所拥有的
              don‘t copy the file data, just the attributes

       --backup[=CONTROL]
              make a backup of each existing destination file

       -b     like --backup but does not accept an argument

       --copy-contents
              copy contents of special files when recursive

************************************************************************************************************

       -f, --force
              if an existing destination file cannot be opened, remove it and try again (this option is ignored when the -n option is also used)

       -i, --interactive
              prompt before overwrite (overrides a previous -n option)

       -n, --no-clobber
              do not overwrite an existing file (overrides a previous -i option)

       -u, --update
              copy only when the SOURCE file is newer than the destination file or when the destination file is missing

       -v, --verbose
              explain what is being done

****************************************************************************************************

复制过程中有一些关于文件的信息会改变，我们使用以下选项保留或丢弃这些信息：

       -p     same as --preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps

       --preserve[=ATTR_LIST]
              preserve the specified attributes (default: mode,ownership,timestamps), if possible additional attributes: context, links, xattr, all
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　权限　　所有者　　时间戳　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　内容　　链接　　　　所有
       --no-preserve=ATTR_LIST
              don‘t preserve the specified attributes

********************************************************************************************************

       --parents
              use full source file name under DIRECTORY

       --reflink[=WHEN]
              control clone/CoW copies. See below

       --remove-destination
              remove each existing destination file before attempting to open it (contrast with --force)

       --sparse=WHEN
              control creation of sparse files. See below

       --strip-trailing-slashes
              remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE argument

       -S, --suffix=SUFFIX
              override the usual backup suffix

       -t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY
              copy all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY

       -T, --no-target-directory
              treat DEST as a normal file

       -x, --one-file-system
              stay on this file system

       --help display this help and exit

       --version
              output version information and exit

       By default, sparse SOURCE files are detected by a crude heuristic and the corresponding DEST file is made sparse as well. That is the
       behavior selected by --sparse=auto. Specify --sparse=always to create a sparse DEST file whenever the SOURCE file contains a long enough
       sequence of zero bytes. Use --sparse=never to inhibit creation of sparse files.

       When --reflink[=always] is specified, perform a lightweight copy, where the data blocks are copied only when modified. If this is not pos‐
       sible the copy fails, or if --reflink=auto is specified, fall back to a standard copy.

       The backup suffix is ‘~‘, unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX. The version control method may be selected via the --backup
       option or through the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values:

       none, off
              never make backups (even if --backup is given)

       numbered, t
              make numbered backups

       existing, nil
              numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise

       simple, never
              always make simple backups

       As a special case, cp makes a backup of SOURCE when the force and backup options are given and SOURCE and DEST are the same name for an
       existing, regular file.

AUTHOR
       Written by Torbjorn Granlund, David MacKenzie, and Jim Meyering.

REPORTING BUGS
       Report cp bugs to [email protected]
       GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
       General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
       Report cp translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright © 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
       This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

SEE ALSO
       The full documentation for cp is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and cp programs are properly installed at your site, the com‐
       mand

              info coreutils ‘cp invocation‘

       should give you access to the complete manual.

GNU coreutils 8.21                                                   March 2014                                                               CP(1)